...合市场（Common Market，指的是在国度层面上提供并维持一个要素和商品活动的配合市场）、预算硬约束（Hard Budget Constraints）、职权的制度化（Institutioningized Authority）。
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硬预算约束
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Under Hard Budget Constraints 在艰苦预算限制
It is as if we believe that by printing money we can remove hard budget constraints.
WSJ: Manuel Hinds: The Case Against Floating Currencies
In pursuance of the illusion that money can remove hard budget constraints, we moved from order to disorder.
Many states and municipalities are up against hard budget constraints, but the US government has the ability to create US currency in unlimited quantities.
FORBES: Why Borrow Now, Tax Later Is A Bad Idea
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