In the late 19th Century, a doctor experimented with grinding peanuts in a hand-operated meat grinder.

BBC: 7 questions on sandwiches

Nagashima's company makes the entire grinding mechanism, and the scorings on the plate are done by hand using a chisel-like tool called a kisage.

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The result has been a grinding war of attrition between the religious and the secular in which neither side ever gains the upper hand but each at one time or another comes to believe that the other is prevailing.

ECONOMIST: Israel at 50