汉德公式(Hand Formula)是英美法院判断侵权人是否违反注意义务的一种方法:如果采取防护措施支出的成本小于损害,则没有采取防护措施的侵权人被认为违反...
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Over the half of the century, in the judicial practices of the United States, it is adopts the risk-utility standard more and more, which called "Hand Formula".
近半个世纪以来,美国的司法实践也越来越多地适用风险效益标准,这一标准通常也被称为“汉德公式”,这实际上是用经济分析和利益衡量的方法来决定当事人的过失问题。
参考来源 - 论美国侵权法上违反注意义务的判断标准·2,447,543篇论文数据,部分数据来源于NoteExpress
Secondly, the author introduced the Hand formula including it's origin, conception and the amendment made by Posner, which provides the most important tool for the economics analysis of paper below.
其次就是引进了法律经济学分析中的汉德公式,介绍了公式的由来、含义以及波斯纳对于公式的修正,为后面的经济分析提供了最重要的工具。
Formula One fan Matthew James, however, had a more specific ambition. He wanted the car company to help build him a new bionic hand.
然而一级方式程赛车粉丝马修·詹姆斯却拥有更具体的雄心。他想让汽车公司帮他做一个新的仿生手。
On the other hand, higher mathematics, physics and chemistry usually in the form of formula to explain the law and the definition.
另一方面,高等数学、物理学和化学通常是以公式的形式来讲解定义和定律的。
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