Looking at this particular group, he estimated survivorship bias to be 4.4% per year and backfill bias to be 7.3% per year.

分析这个特定的样本，他估算其生存偏差每年达到4.4%，回填偏差每年达到7.3%。

youdao

Each blogger is capable of bias and slander, but, taken as a group, bloggers offer the searcher after truth boundless material to chew over.

每个博客都可能抱有偏见和说些诽谤性的话，但是作为整体，博客们为寻找真相的人们提供了大量值得仔细琢磨的材料。

youdao

Since all humans — and most nonhumans for that matter — identify with their own clan from infancy, you would think all races would show the same hypodescent bias in favor of their own group.

既然所有人类——就此而言，也包括大多数非人类——打婴儿起，就认同他们自己的族群，所以你就认为所有人种都会显示出同样的次血统偏见，站在自己族群一边。

youdao

How much of this is due to stereotypes and how much of this is due to an own-group bias?

这种歧视是多少是因为刻板印象造成,有多少是因为组内偏向？

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Roger Ibbotson took a look at a larger group of funds -3,500--funds over a ten-year period and found survivorship bias at 2.9% per year and backfill bias at 4.6% per year.

罗杰·伊博森研究了更大的样本组,3500支基金10年间的表现,算出其生存偏差是每年2.9%,回填偏差是每年4.6%

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

This randomization feature allowed researchers to compare the newly-enrolled group with an equivalent group not selected knowing that there was no selection bias that might produce a spurious result.

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The lower intensity of dietary intervention for the control group during the first few years might have caused a bias toward a benefit in the two Mediterranean-diet groups, since the participants in these two groups received a more intensive intervention during that time.

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As MacDonald notes, the New York Times has been egging them on with "news" stories whose political bias and faulty analysis have twisted the truth and fueled the controversy, and set the group-think tone for much of the rest of the American media.

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