Groundwater commonly collects in stream drainages but may remain entirely beneath the surface of dry stream-beds in arid regions.

地下水通常聚集在河流流域，但在干旱地区，地下水也可能完全保留在干涸河床的表面之下。

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Wetlands have a big effect on groundwater, the amount of water below the surface of the land.

湿地对地下水，即地表以下的水量影响很大。

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If the water table intersect the land surface, groundwater will flow out onto the surface at springs, whether to be collected there or to subsequently flow farther along a drainage.

如果地下水位与地表相交，地下水将在泉水处流出地表，聚集于此或是随后沿着排水系统进一步流动。

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Additionally, the interaction between groundwater and surface water is very complex in these regions.

UNESCO: Water Portal | Water Events Worldwide

As a result, the Environment Agency is working with local authorities and emergency services to prepare for possible flooding from rivers, groundwater and surface water across the country over the weekend.

BBC: Flood-hit areas face further rain

In Washtenaw County and Ann Arbor, Michigan a 1, 4-Dioxane, in groundwater and surface soil contamination from Gelman Science, persists after nearly 20 years of cleanup activities and has now spread in groundwater to an area over three miles long and a mile wide.

FORBES: Responsible Investing: Is Pall 'Leading' in Water Filtration? (Governor Snyder's Hometown has a 1,4 Dioxane Problem)