...附加荷载;土体损失 [gap=1355]y words:tunneling engineering;pipe jacking;underground pipeline;additional load;ground loss ...
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用的泥浆也有讲究，需要根据地层状况确定，否则地层缺失（ground loss）太大，会引起超过预计的地面沉降。目前国际上流行的计算软件有PLAXIS或PHASE 2，前者适合于软土地层，后者适合于岩石隧洞。
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ground loss ratio 地层损失率
the ground loss 土体损失
permissible ground loss ratio 容许地层损失率
ground heat loss 地埋管放热
But, most of them are applicable for tunnel with circular cross section and the ground loss is difficult to select.
然而,大多数理论公式仅适用于圆形断面的隧道,且地层损失率的确定十分困难。
参考来源 - 地铁隧道开挖引起地层沉降的经验理论法预测及邻近立交桥上部异形板构件抗沉降特征分析·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
Formula of ground deformation induced by ground loss was offered.
提出土体损失引起的三维地面变形计算公式。
Ground settlement induced by tunnel excavation is mainly caused by ground loss.
隧道开挖引起的地表沉降主要由地层损失引起。
Soil displacement is induced by ground loss and is affected by injection amount.
隧道周围土体的位移是由地层损失引起的，并且与注浆量有很大关系。
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