abstract:GMZ (ГМЗ) or Gorkovskiy Mototsikletniy Zavod () was a motorcycle manufacturer, based in Gorkiy (nowadays Nizhniy Novgorod). It commenced operations in 1941 with the transfer of plant and equipment from KhMZ (ХМЗ) and LMZ (ЛМЗ), which was necessitated by the German armies threatening Kiev and Leningrad.