Americans are at a disadvantage when it comes to cell phones overseas, because most of the world uses a GSM (Global System for MobileCommunications) standard, Schukai said.
In 1993, NTT DoCoMo, Japan's principal mobile-phone carrier, opted for a technical standard called Personal Digital Cellular (PDC), which was incompatible with the GlobalSystem for MobileCommunications (GSM), the standard adopted by most of the rest of the world.