astro-geodetic leveling 天文大地水准测量
Geodetic leveling should be done with staves in which the divisions are marked on a strip of invar.
大地水准测量必须使用刻度标于不胀钢片上的水准标尺。
GPS technique, combined with the high precision geodetic level model, can replace the traditional low-grade leveling, and realizes 3d GPS positioning function on the meaning of geometry and physics.
GPS技术结合高精度、高分辨率的大地水准面模型可以取代传统的低等级水准测量，真正实现GPS定位技术在几何和物理意义上的三维定位功能。
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