He then knocked out the bacterium's genes one by one to see which it could live without, in the hope of making a yet smaller organism he could then use as a model for synthesis.
接着，他一个接一个地把细菌的基因去除，看看那些是不必需的，想做出一个更小的生命体并用来做合成的模型。
But it's far smaller than the fivefold increased risk that comes from inheriting certain mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
但是，与因继承了乳腺癌易感基因1和乳腺癌易感基因2中的某些基因突变而增加了5倍风险相比，这种冒险是小得多的。
And we simply asked the question, if one species needs 800, another 500, is there a smaller set of genes that might comprise a minimal operating system?
我们提出疑问，如果一个物种需要800个基因，另一种只需要500个基因，是否可以用更少的基因组成一个微小的可运作生命系统？
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