The optical modulation characteristics, differential gain (DG), differential phase (DP) and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) are described as well in this paper.

文中论述了光调制特性、微分增益（DG）、微分相位（DP）、信噪比（S/N）等重要问题。

youdao

In this thesis, 2-chloro-5-chloromethyl pyridine is ammoniated, which followed by the reaction with N-cyano ethyl ethylimidoate, finally is methylated to gain the objective product.

本文用2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶经氨基化，和N-氰基乙亚胺酸乙酯反应，最后甲基化得到吡虫清。

youdao

This should make sense to you, because they don't, in fact, want to gain another electron, because that would mean that electron would have to go into a new value of n, a new shell, and that's really going to increase the energy of the system.

这对大家来说应该容易理解，因为它们实际上不想得到另一个电子，因为这意味着这个电子不得不,到一个新的，n，值更大的壳层上去，这将会增加系统的能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

One is Gain Capital, a Warren, N.

FORBES: In The Money