So there has been a great deal of interest in applying model-free methods such as fuzzy systems for nonlinear function approximation.

因此依然有很多场合需要使用无模型方法—如用模糊系统进行非线性函数逼近等。

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The high resolution spectrum can be obtained through many methods, such as saturated absorption spectroscopy, Doppler free methods of two-photon spectroscopy, and etc.

提高热原子光谱的分辨率可以有许多方法，如饱和吸收光谱技术、双光子光谱的消多普勒技术等。

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This dissertation shows that adverse selection component estimates based on the price-volume model in limit order books and those obtained using popular model-free methods are closely correlated.

首先通过从直观经济含义推导出来的简单模型得到逆向选择成本，并对前文提及的限价指令簿量价关系模型作稳健性分析。

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Low-mercury and mercury-free methods are available, but socio-economic factors often act as barriers to miners adopting these alternative ways to extract gold, the authors add.

BBC: UN: Rising mercury emissions increase risk to humans

Finally, you can also try other drug-free methods of making your child feel better, such as rocking, holding, singing, offering a pacifier, or distracting him with a toy.

CNN: How can I soothe a teething baby's gums?

How about we start by fully researching all the free, less invasive methods, first?

FORBES: Genetic Engineering: A Food Fix?