The traditional automobile forward supply chain only research on the process of products from raw materials to consumer, and it was not considered waste after consumption.

传统的汽车正向供应链只研究产品从原材料到消费者的过程，并不考虑消费之后的废弃物处理。

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The idea of supply chain management was first put forward in the 1980s.

供应链管理的理念最初在20世纪80年代提出。

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On that basis, the paper puts forward the prerequisites, application scope and procedures of constructing supply chain relationship.

并在此基础上，提出了我国供应链关系的构建条件、适应范围与构建步骤。

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In supply chains such a process is done by closing the loop by pairing the process of forward (forward supply chain) with reverse logistic (reverse supply chain).

FORBES: Could a closed-loop system be the solution to reducing waste?

The electronic and automotive industries are highly dependent on supplies that come from Japan, and even the most forward-thinking companies, like Apple, have seen supply chain disruptions due to the disaster.

FORBES: When Disaster Strikes: Avoiding A Hit To Your Supply Chain