For instance, he founded logic as a formal science and created foundations to biology that were not superseded for two millennia.

例如，他把逻辑学创建成一门形式科学、为生物学奠定两千年都没有超越的基础。

youdao

It is easy for many people, even for people without formal computer science education, to write PHP scripts.

编写PHP脚本对很多人来说都非常容易，即使是没有受过正规计算机科学教育的人。

youdao

Prof Christy makes the distinction - crucial to scientists - between draft papers for discussion and final, complete ones that go into academic journals and become part of the formal literature of science.

BBC: Climate science and acts of creation

Motivated by my own experience of the civil service tendency to hold things close to the chest, one of the first things I did after becoming chief scientific adviser was to set out formal guidelines for handling science advice in policy making.

BBC: VIEWPOINT

The app can be used with formal educational classes but is really designed for anyone interested in science to learn.

FORBES: Exploratorium's iPad App Uncovers The Secrets Of Sound