A QA team can become much more effective and efficient by replacing an AD hoc testing approach with formal, repeatable processes that include test planning, defect cause analysis, and automated tests.

QA团队通过将包含测试计划、缺陷原因分析，和自动化测试的正式、可重复的过程，替代特殊的测试方法，以变得更加有效且高效。

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It also had no formal driver defect reporting system in place, where employees are required to visually inspect vehicles for defects.

BBC: Scotland business