The first is pre-merger or acquisition when companies conduct due diligence on financial and operational data and information to forestall surprises that may pose threats to the new entity.

壹个是前合并或承购，当公司在财政和操作的数据和信息举办适当努力阻止也许造成威胁新的个体的惊奇时。

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If they do, then more firms may be encouraged to collaborate in developing new software instead of trying to forestall their rivals by taking out pre-emptive patents.

ECONOMIST: Big Blue becomes bountiful | The