In September 1992 Italy was forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism, a pre-euro system of semi-pegged currencies.

1992年9月，意大利被迫脱离欧洲汇率的半挂钩机制。

youdao

Owing to the keen international competition, many nations are requested to adjust the rate of exchange, which forced the Renminbi to revalue.

随着国际竞争的日益激烈，不少国家纷纷要求调整汇率，逼迫人民币升值。

youdao

Without such a federation, can the single currency survive, I asked Helmut Schlesinger, another influential central banker who has seen the odd financial crisis at close quarters and was president of the Bundesbank when sterling was forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism in 1992.

BBC: The euro's survival 'requires political union'

Hedge funds have come under heavy fire since George Soros forced sterling out of Europe's exchange-rate mechanism in 1992.

ECONOMIST: Alternative investments: Doing well by doing good | The

Sterling was in crisis and Norman Lamont was forced to announce a humiliating withdrawal from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism.

BBC: Profile: Jeremy Heywood - the next Cabinet Secretary