An open system, as the name describes, allows mass and energy to freely flow through the boundary.

开系，顾名思义，允许质量和能量自由地,流过它的边界。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

system is the opposite of the open system, no mass and no energy can flow through the boundary.

孤立系与开系正相反，没有质量或能量,能流过它的边界。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Yes, in normal times the money should flow through the banks, but fiscal stimulus offers an alternative path for the flow of money when it cannot flow through a damaged banking system.

FORBES: Nobel Laureate Paul Krugman is Correct, Cato Institute's Mitchell is Wrong

Their argument and, until recently, the conventional wisdom was that a restructuring would lead to significant losses for international banks - particularly in Germany and France - and that instability would flow through the entire European banking system.

BBC: Smoke and mirrors and the euro crisis

However, he says that with so much foreign money continuing to flow through Afghanistan's fragile financial system, experts fear a similar crime could be possible again.

BBC: Kabul Bank fraud profited elite, leaked audit says