Within the traditional system of five punishments, banishment was a severe sentence second only to a sentence of death.

在传统的五刑制中，流刑处于降死一等的重刑地位。

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Possessing "antistate" material and listening to foreign broadcasts were crimes that could subject the transgressor to harsh punishments, including up to five years of labor reeducation.

拥有“反国家”的材料和收听外国广播是足以让当事人受到严厉惩罚的犯罪，所受惩罚包括最高5年的劳动改造。

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