Local government fiscal competition includes expenditure competition and tax competition, whose theoretical basis is fiscal decentralization theory.

地方财政竞争包括支出竞争和税收竞争，其理论基础是财政分权理论。

youdao

Germans see it as a way of imposing rules and rigour; the French want it to tame markets and excessive competition; euro-enthusiasts dream of fiscal federalism.

德国人视其为加强规则和严密性的方式；法国人希望它能抑制市场和过度竞争；欧元爱好者则做着财政联邦制的美梦。

youdao

This year, however, Mrs Bachmann will face stiff competition for the votes of fiscal and social conservatives from Mr Perry.

但是今年，巴赫曼夫人将面对来自佩里在财政和社会保守派的残酷竞争。

youdao

More than 99 percent of my time on this issue is consumed by the difficult task of trying to convince policy makers that tax competition, fiscal sovereignty, and financial privacy should be celebrated rather than persecuted.

FORBES: Why Tax Havens Are A Force For Good

Qantas Chief Executive Alan Joyce said Friday he expects competition to remain fierce in the fiscal second-half ending June 30 as more seats are added, though the situation should improve through the next financial year.

WSJ: Qantas Sees Boost From Easing Price War

Any new fiscal rules need to allow for tax and labor-policy competition.

WSJ: Review & Outlook: Blame It on Berlin