Recall that a journaled file system keeps a log (journal) of the file operations.

日志式文件系统通常维护一份关于文件操作的日志。

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Sharing data via a common UNIX file is simple, because it USES familiar file operations.

通过一般的UNIX文件共享数据很简单，因为它使用大家熟悉的文件操作。

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A ring buffer makes logging efficient by using memory operations in place of file operations.

通过使用内存操作代替文件操作，循环缓冲区使得日志记录的效率更高。

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Absent some regulatory relief Maxxam's timber business, according to the latest filings, may be forced to sell off operations and file for Chapter 11.

FORBES: Timber!

The company is most likely not conducting active operations (a shell) but continues to file statements to keep it in compliance (financials, required reporting forms, etc.).

FORBES: Fraud In Chinese Reverse Mergers on American Exchanges -- And We're Surprised?

Though hobbyists may continue to write file-sharing software away from American jurisdiction, investors are likely to steer clear of commercial P2P operations for fear of legal repercussions there.

ECONOMIST: Online pirates forced to walk the plank