This is important in Python programs because file input and output are, by default, buffered; data isn't written as soon as you call a print statement but is instead written in chunks.
在Python程序中这很重要，因为在默认情况下，文件输入和输出是缓冲的；在调用print语句时，数据实际未被写入；相反，数据是成批写入的。
File descriptors are low-level interfaces to input and output.
文件描述符是低层的输入和输出接口。
Finally, three example programs are described, a MIDI file player, a MIDI input, and MIDI output.
文章最后描述了三个程序实例，MIDI文件播放器，MIDI输入和MIDI输出。
应用推荐