While a single wind-turbine does not affect the global atmosphere, the installation of a large number of such devices will interfere with the atmospheric circulation and diminish the extraction efficiency on the large scale, since any extraction of momentum will act in competition with natural wind-power energy dissipation by turbulence in the boundary layer.
Polish security would be much better served by large scale US investments in shale gas extraction, or even technical advise in infrastructure construction, than by the stationing of missile interceptors, but the later has had endless volumes written about it while the first, although occasionally mentioned, is not a topic of any special concern.
While presently only 0.03 TW of energy was extracted from wind in 2008, and there is room for a considerable expansion of this technology with relatively insignificant effects on the climate, any future expansion on a global scale must take account that the potential for extraction of wind energy is finite according to the nature of the Earth system.