The US has run up budget and external deficits over the years to fuel its consumption spree, thanks to the dollar's status as the reserve currency.

这几年来，基于作为储备货币的美元的现状，美国已经提高了它的预算和对外赤字来推动消费热潮。

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For most countries, reserve accumulation is part of a sensible strategy to reduce external vulnerability and improve creditworthiness.

对于大多数国家，储备积累是降低外部脆弱性和提高信用度的一种理智的战略的组成部分。

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But external stimulation is less than ideal, says Dustin Tyler, a biomedical engineer at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio.

但是外部刺激并不理想，俄亥俄州克利夫兰凯斯西储大学的生物医学工程学家Dustin Tyler说。

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Alternatively, IMF special drawing rights could be used for the purposes of external commitments, until a new global reserve currency has been negotiated.

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The Apple (AAPL) tablets, equipped with a custom-made debt-restructuring app, were handed out to the leadership team, including representatives from the Finance Ministry, the Hellenic Exchange (the Greek equivalent of the NYSE), the Bank of Greece (their version of the Federal Reserve) and the three external banks that managed the deal, Deutsche Bank, HSBC and Lazard.

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