The result shows that overconfidence of team agent and external monitoring are substitutes rather than complements for the expected utility of the whole team.

研究结果表明，外部监督和团队成员的过度自信对团队整体预期效用的作用是相互替代、而不是相互补充的。

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This group could be responsible for monitoring external developments and internalizing and operationalizing the most promising technologies.

FORBES: Pharma's Digital Health Strategy: Four Options

The FRA has also had its remit extended from monitoring "foreign military threats" to all "external threats".

ECONOMIST: A new surveillance law causes a rumpus in Sweden

Selecting and monitoring qualified, reputable money managers is of paramount importance to those funds that choose to hire external managers.

FORBES: The Politics of Fraud: How Pension Politics Enable Money Managers To Commit Fraud (July 1, 2001)