As part of the formula, they measured a biological marker, total NNAL, which indicates the amount of exposure to the tobacco-specific lung cancer-causing agent NNK.
作为公式的一部分，他们测定了生物标记物——总nnal含量，它能够反应烟草特异致肺癌成分nnk的含量。
"We found a link between post-menopausal breast cancer and exposure to nitrogen dioxide, which is a marker for traffic-related air pollution, " said co-author Mark Goldberg in a press release.
新研究主持人马克·戈德伯格表示，绝经后患乳腺癌的女性与暴露于二氧化氮（与交通有关的空气污染的一大指标）环境有关。
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