The system of patent-granting, which confers temporary monopolies for the exploitation of new technologies, was originally established as an incentive to the pursuit of risky new ideas.

专利授予制度为开发新技术提供了暂时的垄断地位，它最初的建立是为了激励人们追求有风险的新想法。

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If the valid duration of the patent right expires or the patent right is declared invalid, the patentee may not conclude a patent exploitation license contract relating to that patent with others.

专利权有效期限届满或者专利权被宣布无效的，专利权人不得就该专利与他人订立专利实施许可合同。

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The battle to keep the earth's gene pool free from the patent office and free of commercial exploitation is going to become one of the critical struggles of the biotech age.

使地球基因库摆脱专利局的控制和商业性利用的斗争将是生物技术时代的关键战役之一。

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There are also potential national security repercussions - particularly if, as is likely under the "harmonized" patent system, China winds up being a principal beneficiary of expanded access to, and opportunities for exploitation of, American inventions.

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