The pseudo-random data are widely applied in digital signal processing. White noise data is the basis of generating random data, which has the expected probability distribution.

伪随机噪声在数字信号处理中具有重要的实用价值，白噪声是产生具有指定概率分布的伪随机噪声的基础。

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Another important concept in probability theory that we will use a lot is expected value, the mean, or average-- those are all roughly interchangeable concepts.

概率论中另外一个常用的重要的概念是,期望值或者也叫均值,这两个概念可以互换

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So this line represents the expected payoff of shooting to the middle as a function of the probability that the goal keeper dives to the right.

这条线表示从中路射门时罚球者的收益,是门将扑向右路概率的一个函数

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It's the expected payoff to Player 1 if shooting to the left as it depends on the probability that the goal keeper dives to the right.

它表示参与人1,从左路射门的预期收益,与门将扑向右路的概率有关

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One theory of decision making says you ought to maximize your expected returns, where an expected return is the outcome multiplied by the probability of winning it.

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It has also held that materiality of contingent or speculative events or information depends on balancing the probability that the event will occur and the expected magnitude of the event.

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But one of the most mind-bending is the low probability prediction that one of the five companies expected to launch a drug next year will actually manage to deliver good stock performance.

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