We see the variety of systems that have existed in different places and similar ones that have existed at different times.

我们看到各种制度在不同的地方存在和同一种制度在不同的时间存在。

youdao

Poor integration: Little or no automation existed between related processing systems; where integration did exist, it used inflexible proprietary APIs, meaning that change was painful.

集成情况不理想：相关处理系统之间没有或仅有很少的自动化；在存在集成的情况下，也是使用不灵活的专用API，而这意味着要进行更改非常困难。

youdao

The approach is appropriate for declared type systems and has existed since RPCs, and we find it commonly in modern statically typed languages, namely the ‘interface’ construct.

这种方法适合声明类型系统并自从RPC时代就存在，而且我们发现它在现代静态类型语言中非常普遍，即‘接口（interface）’结构。

youdao

Obviously, look, this is the same -- working through the same databases and systems that have existed across administrations.

WHITEHOUSE: Press Briefing

While imaging systems that capture infra-red and microwave wavelengths already existed, said Mr Hunt, they were typically expensive, bulky or complicated to build.

BBC: Lens-less camera emerges from metamaterials work