But for periods when imports temporarily exceeded exports, the country needed a stock of dollars or some other acceptable "hard" currency "in reserve" to pay for excess imports.

但当一个国家出现进口暂时超过出口的情况时，该国就需要美元储备或一些其它可接受的“硬通货”“储备”，以支付超额的进口。

youdao

If borrowing to pay for the resulting excess of imports over exports means that our foreign debt keeps increasing faster than gross domestic product, our creditors are likely to get nervous.

若是通过贷款支付进出口逆差，外债的增长速度会超过国民生产的增速，如此一来，债主就会紧张起来。

youdao

Excess exports of poultry from the US or the EU are dumped onto Africa at subsidised prices, undermining local livelihoods and destroying local domestic industries.

BBC: IMF policy comes under fire

That means that we have covered our excess of imports over exports in value terms by increasing our foreign debt, broadly defined to include equity ownership as well as traditional debt in the form of bonds, bank balances, and the like.

FORBES: Tough Truths About The Dollar, The Debt and The Economy

The first was excess demand for its exports created by the high tide of credit-financed spending and illusory wealth in rich countries.

FORBES: Magazine Article