A carbon price now exists, established by the European Emissions-Trading Scheme (ETS).

由欧洲碳排放交易计划(ets)制定的碳排放价格已然存在。

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They can also launch secondary issues of other shares at the new price established by the IPO. Unless, of course, this really is a bubble, and it bursts.

当然，除非IPO只是一个要破灭的泡沫，企业也可以在首次公开募股建立的股价基础上再次发行证劵。

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Great Britain was the first country to adopt the gold standard, when the Mastet of the Mint, Sir Isaac Newton, established a fixed price for gold in 1717.

造币厂厂长以撒牛顿爵士1717年确立了黄金的固定价格，大不列颠是第一个采用本位制的国家。

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Showing in Venice doesn't guarantee a boost in asking prices, though, especially if the artist is already a heavyweight with established price levels.

WSJ: The Venice Biennale: Venetian Finds

The new investors may buy convertible preferred securities, that is, bond-like equity with an option to change to a set number of common shares at an established price and at an exercise date in the future.

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Moreover, key proxies for global growth such as the price of copper and oil have established firm price support and have not yet broken through them.

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