The economists Emmanuelle Fauchart and Eric von Hippel report very similar norms for the sharing of recipes among French chefs.

经济学家埃马努埃莱·福沙尔和埃里克·冯·希普尔指出，法国厨师在分享菜谱方面也遵循类似的规范。

youdao

The form of leadership that holds most potential is a twist on the pattern described by Eric Von Hippel in his research on User-driven Innovation.

FORBES: Eight Steps For Addressing the IT Management Crisis

The companies that succeed are the ones that stay in the closest contact with their end-users and first adopters, as MIT's Eric Von Hippel has shown.

WSJ: Why High-Tech Companies Are Moving to the City

The theory of user-driven innovation comes from MIT professor Eric von Hippel, who proposed that when tools are placed directly in the hands of people who have the most pressing needs for answers, innovation happens, because there is no longer a need to transmit requirements from one person (or group) to another.

FORBES: PayPal's Mok Oh On What Is A Data Scientist?