San Diego's municipal code, for instance, requires property owners to maintain landscape and vegetation standards—or face a penalty equivalent to the cost of hiring a private contractor to do so.

例如，圣地亚哥的市政法规要求业主保持景观和植被的标准，否则将面临与雇佣私人承包商来这样做成本相当的罚款。

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These benefits are captured by the rents earned by property investors, which are equivalent to the tenancy costs saved by owner-occupiers.

这些收益用物业投资者所获得的租金计算，即等同于自用业主省下的租赁资金。

youdao

OK, so this is equivalent to the third property.

这就是第三个性质。

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Irrevocable trusts enable individuals to avoid estate tax on more than the exemption equivalent amount of property.

FORBES: Estate Planning Overview and Objectives

Hong Kong has no general income tax, only a salaries tax, a corporate-profits tax and its equivalent of a property tax.

ECONOMIST: Hong Kong

He gave the example of a well-protected, unnamed company that had intellectual property stolen by hackers that was equivalent to 20 million A4 pages.

BBC: William Hague at the UN in New York