The different sizes of 6 kinds of steel shear walls convers 6 kinds of concentrically braces by the sectional area equivalent formula.

为此，本文基于刚度等效的原则，提出了一种带缝钢板剪力墙与人字形中心支撑的刚度替换计算方法。

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Applying Fourier transform frequency spectrum analysis, the equivalent formula and arithmetic for calculating the dielectric loss at power frequency are deduced.

基于这种变频法思想，结合傅里叶变换频谱分析法推导了介质损耗参数的工频等效计算公式和算法。

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The equivalent damping ratio and stiffness coefficient of the LED device are studied, and the general equivalent formula of energy dissipation devices is established.

研究了将铅挤压阻尼装置等效成阻尼比和刚度系数的方法，建立了消能装置的通用等效计算公式；

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This calculation is based on the EPA's formula of 33.7kW-hrs being equivalent to one gallon gasoline energy.

ENGADGET: Nissan Leaf blessed with 99MPG 'equivalent' sticker, roundtable arguments ensue

"Practice starts during the weekend had shown that the dirty side of the grid was so lacking in grip that a car would lose up to a second in the 350-meter run to Turn 1, equivalent to two positions, " James Allen, a Formula One commentator for the BBC and the editor of jamesallenonF1.com, wrote in an email.

WSJ: Alonso Happy to Spoil the Party