Only about 10%-30% products will be emitted as PM into atmosphere through tailpipe, but most parts will deposit on surface of engine, exhaust system and catalytic converter.

约10％-30％的燃烧产物会以颗粒物状态随尾气排放到大气中，而其余大部分则沉积到发动机、排气系统及催化转化器的表面。

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These factors are mixture concentration, ignition advance Angle, engine speed, temperature of cooling water and carbon deposit on the SUrfaces of the combustion chamber, etc.

通过试验找出了诸因素对怠速排放污染物浓度的影响规律，如混合气质量，点火，发动机转速，冷却水温度及燃烧室表面积炭等。

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The engine uses oil cooling system, so formation of scale deposit, corrosion, etc which are potential troubles can be avoided.

发动机采用油冷系统，可避免水垢、锈蚀等潜在故障的发生。

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