The distributions of composition, phase-and microstructure were examined respectively by using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

分别用电子探针（EPMA）、X衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）查证了其组分、相结构和显微结构的梯度分布。

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Phases constitution, microstructure and element distribution of the coating were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA).

通过X射线衍射分析（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）等观察分析了复合粉涂层表面形貌，分析了表面微裂纹和孔隙的形成过程。

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