The trade life cycle theory divides the trade cycle into four periods: birth, growth, maturity and decline in which the market demand and trade competition have different features.

在这四个不同的时期，市场需求与行业竞争结构呈现不同的特点，因而市场开发就要因应一个行业或产品的不同特点采取不同的营销手段来开发市场。

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Nobody warned them what happens when the Japanese carry trade goes into brutal reverse, as it does when the cycle turns.

当日本的套利交易进入冷酷的颠倒状态的时候，没人提醒他们出了什么事，如每次轮回时一样。

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We should consider the effects of irregular patterns of purchases or payments on the trade creditor cycle.

我们应该考虑到异常的采购方式或支付方式可能对交易信贷周期造成的影响。

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What does the Austrian theory of the trade cycle have to do with Gordon Ramsay?

FORBES: Gordon Ramsay's Monetary Nightmares

The Austrian theory of the trade cycle explains why loans are systematically granted to people who will almost certainly not be successful restaurant owners.

FORBES: Gordon Ramsay's Monetary Nightmares

His 1922 book The Trade Cycle described the "tendency for confidence to pass into errors of optimism or pessimism, " which triggers booms and busts.

FORBES: The Confidence Question