In both fear and anxiety responses, there are four parts to it: the cognitive element, somatic element, emotional element and behaviour element.

恐惧和忧虑，两者的反应里都有四个因素：脑部的认知，身体的反应，情绪因素以及行为因素。

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The cognitive element is presented for the first time in this paper, and it is acknowledged that its three dimensional structure is made up of information, knowledge, civilization.

本文首次提出“认知元”结构，并指出它是由信息、知识、文明构成的三维结构。

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Firstly, such concepts as city perception, imagination and presentation as well as cognitive style are explained and the principle and element for city image are pointed out.

先对城市的感知、想象与呈现等概念及认知方式进行了阐述，并指出了城市意象的原则和要素。

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