Technical standards have become the commanding height of high-technology Indus - tries, and standardization has turned out to be a vital strategic tool for enterprises' competition.

技术标准是高技术产业内竞争的制高点，技术标准设定是企业竞争极其重要的战略工具。

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The misuse of patent rights in technical standards will produces standard holdup and hinders competition.

技术标准中的专利权滥用行为会产生标准阻抑和竞争阻碍的影响。

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There are currently a wide range of independent UK regulatory bodies, covering both public services and private industry, which provide functions relating to consumer protection, economic regulation, competition and fair trading policy, professional standards and technical oversight.

BBC: Scotland politics