The influence of relativistic and thermal effects on plasma wave breaking has been studied by solving the coupled Vlasov-Poission equations.
通过数值求解符拉索夫方程和泊松方程，研究了相对论效应和温度效应对等离子体振荡破裂的影响。
The solving of wave equations and tortuous ray method are fundamental methods of analysing plane optical waveguiding.
曲折光线法和解波动方程是分析平面光波导的基本方法。
A pair of dual integral equations can be obtained often by solving electromagnetic wave diffraction problems in two dimensional case.
在解二维电磁波衍射问题时，经常导出一对孪生积分方程。
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