Broadly defined, it can mean a way of thinking or a general approach to hypothesis testing or problem solving.

广义上说，它是一种思考的方法或者进行检验假设和解决问题的一般方法。

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Spend a moment thinking about the typical traits of a professor, scientists, or mathematicians to increase problem solving ability.

花几分钟思考专业人士、科学家、教授或数学家提高解决问题能力的典型特征。

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Design thinking is based on taking a human-centred approach to problem-solving.

设计思考是基于利用以人为中心的方法去解决问题。

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Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa in their great book Academically Adrift have taken data from a respectable indicator of critical thinking and problem solving skills, the Collegiate Learning Assessment, as well as the National Survey of Student Engagement and have concluded, roughly, that typically students neither work very hard nor learn very much.

FORBES: The Three "I's" of Higher Ed Reform

The holistic vision of the programme is evident in the six learning strands within the Accreditation and Equivalency Sub-Programme, namely communication skills, critical thinking and problem-solving, sustainable use of resources and productivity, self-development, a sense of community and expanding one's world vision.

UNESCO: Education