The vegetation distributing pattern at the scale of dune-lowland lies on the terrain and the soil water gradient.
沙地植被在沙丘-丘间低地景观尺度上的分布格局决定于地形及因地形而异的土壤水分梯度。
Water potential reflects energy level of soil water and the gradient of water potential is an impotent factor describing direction and velocity of water flow.
水势反映土壤水的能态，而水势梯度则是决定水流方向和速度的重要因素。
Second, the state of inter-aggregate pore water of cohesive soil is determined by(balanced) condition between damping of bound water membrane and permeability pressure of hydraulic gradient.
粘性土团粒间孔隙水的连通状态决定于团粒接触点附近渗透结合水膜的粘滞力和外界水力梯度的渗透力之间平衡状况；
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