Of the former, almost 33m belong to health clubs, spawning a multi-billion-dollar industry of sports shoes, fitness foods, exercise videos, heart monitors and personal trainers.
Having started as an apprentice in the shoe industry at age 17, he had a clear vision, namely to make functional, comfortable shoes designed to fit the foot.
Soles4Souls controller Tim Deats, a former shoe-industry manager, told Forbes his charity values gifts at estimated manufacturing cost, a low figure since most shoes are imported from China.