It is a big problem for both the sender and for the receiver.

这是一个大问题，无论是发送和接收的。

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It resolves the repudiation problem both in sender side and in receiver side.

效率高、实用性强是其特点，它高效解决了收发双方拒认问题。

youdao

This paper proposes a fair non-repudiation protocol to solve repudiation problem both in sender side and in receiver side, which is based on trusted third party.

文章提出了一种公平的依赖可信第三方的反拒认协议，同时解决了收方和发方的拒认问题。

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