Because the signal processed by fuzzy controller is based on system behavior rather than its analytical model, open loop responses of a robot are described by a set of second order systems.

因为模糊逻辑控制器的控制信号是由系统的响应行为而不是由其分析模型决定的，所以机器人的开环响应可以用一系列二阶系统来描述。

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The loop is a second order phase lock loop, consisting of an interpolator, a timing error detector and a loop filter.

环路为反馈结构，包括插值器、时钟误差检测和环路滤波器三个部分。

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A specific second-order digital phase-locked loop is modeled after a first-order Markov chain with alternatives, aud analyzed.

按照可列一阶马尔可夫链方式，建立了一个具体的二阶数字锁相环的模型，并对它进行了分析。

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