Performance is usually judged relative to rivals or to an industry benchmark, encouraging banks to mimic each other’s risk-taking, even if in the long run it benefits no one.

对于公司表现的判断往往是基于竞争对手的表现或者行业标准，这种判断鼓励银行去模仿彼此的冒险行为，即使从长远来看，这对任何公司都没有好处。

youdao

Better to base contracts only on information (like profits relative to the industry average) which sheds light on the manager's true performance.

最好将契约只建立在彰显出管理人员真正业绩的信息(如相对于行业平均水平的利润)的基础之上。

youdao

Pension-fund managers and most mutual-fund managers are evaluated by their employers and industry consultants on relative performance.

FORBES: Growing Pains

Company data such as return on assets and return on equity are analyzed with respect to trends in their own performance, and relative to industry averages.

FORBES: 2004 Mutual Fund Survey

Relative performance and volume analysis confirms these four industry groups are outperforming the market, writes Tom Aspray , and he identifies stocks from each group that may soon set up as good buys.

FORBES: 4 Industry Groups Beating the S&P 500