Through applying co-integration theory into the research of the relationship between price in spot market and in future market to explore their long-term equilibrium connection.

论文的目的就是通过把协整理论应用到股指期货市场与现货市场之间的价格关系研究中去，探求两者的长期均衡关系。

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The $200 price is in line with current analysts' expectations after spot prices surged to $220-$240 a tonne.

200美元的价格与分析师当前的预期一致，此前现货价格已飙升至每吨220-240美元。

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Backwardation is the opposite of contango, representing a situation in which the spot price is higher than the price for future delivery.

现货溢价正好和期货溢价相反，表示现货价格高于期货价格的一种情况。

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In other news, reports said the price of spot gold in India hit a record high Thursday, basis the Indian rupee currency.

FORBES: P.M. Kitco Metals Roundup: Gold Ends Sharply Higher, at 4-Mo. High, as Safe-Haven Demand Emerges

Historically, iron ore prices have been relatively stable and most contracts have been annual contracts that were generally priced based on the average spot price in the previous year.

FORBES: Rio Tinto Stock Worth $82 Despite Iron Ore Price Volatility

What is more important, he empowered associates to make on the spot price decisions in order to clinch every possible sale.

FORBES: Best Buy: Is This the Last Public Gasp?