This difference allows gray market vendors to price their products lower than Apple, while still earning a profit, Sun said.

两国市场的差价使得水货渠道商可以以低于苹果官方价格出售苹果产品，并专区差价，孙说。

youdao

Gross Profit: the difference between the product unit price and unit cost.

Gross Profit：产品单位价格和单位成本之间的差额。

youdao

The primary difference is that a transfer price often HAS a markup added to the cost to allow for a profit on the transaction.

但是两者主要的区别是一个转让价格通常在成本基础上有一个加价，这个加价相当于交易时所要求的利润。

youdao

One was of achieving this was via "wash trades" - buying and selling from the trader simultaneously, so the trades cancel each other out, but the difference in price generates a profit for the broker.

BBC: UBS sign

In regular short-selling, the trader borrows shares for a fee from his prime broker and sells them, hoping to buy them back later at a lower price and reap the profit on the difference.

FORBES: Naked Shorts

This has contributed - along with a weaker pound - to a narrowing of the price difference north and south, thereby reducing the profit incentive for smuggling.

BBC: Fuel laundering 'costs tens of millions' to governments