Two kinds of key sensors, hot-film mass air flow (MAF) sensor and universal exhaust oxygen gas sensor, for the AFR control are fully studied in this paper.

本论文主要研究空燃比控制中的两种关键传感器：热膜式空气质量流量传感器和宽带型废气氧传感器的动态性能。

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Oxygen sensor is a primary branch of gas sensor.

氧气传感器是气体传感器的主要分支之一。

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So the system has better flexibility. The study in fiber oxygen sensor refers to the other gas sensor.

本课题的研究对其它光纤气体传感器检测系统的研究具有参考价值。

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Bolt comes with a trick-looking two-into-one exhaust system, which includes an oxygen sensor and exhaust gas catalyst that works with the closed-loop fuel injection system.

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