The key program was the operating system, both on servers and on personal computers (" clients ").

对服务器和个人电脑(“客户端”)来说，关键的程序是操作系统。

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The name of the file is removed from the file system, and its storage space is recovered by the operating system when the program using it closes the file.

这将从文件系统中删除该文件的名称，当使用该文件的程序关闭它时，操作系统可以重新获得其存储空间。

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But the computer scientist definitely will understand what's happening in the compiler, operating system, and CPU when a program is compiled and run.

但是计算机科学家明确知道，当一个程序在编译和运行时，在编译器、操作系统、CPU中发生着什么。

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I can certainly try to write the number 13 there, but bam, my program very likely will crash if this chunk of memory was not given to me previously by the operating system and maybe it is owned by the operating system.

我当然可以在那里写下数字13，但是“嘣“,如果这块内存不是系统预先给我的,我的程序很可能会崩溃,可能这块内存,是系统本身使用的。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

Only the operating system has controlling of byte zero NULL in the computer's RAM and so if a function ever returns null, aka zero, well, something must have gone wrong because that can't possibly belong to me that memory because by human convention zero is owned by the operating system; not by a program I wrote.

只用操作系统在内存中能够控制,字节0，并且如果一个函数返回，或者说0，好的，可能出错了,因为那可能是不属于我的内存,因为惯例上，0是由操作系统拥有的,而不是由我的程序拥有的。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

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And it has thousands upon thousands of explanations of those rules in its Program Operating Manual System, called the POMS, which provides guidance on implementing the 2, 728 rules.

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Their answer is software called Music Disk Operating System (MDOS), a program pre-loaded on the Jukebox.

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